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打印11 While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions. Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina, explained, "The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color."
黑人去當(dāng)乘務(wù)員常常是由于本人痛苦的經(jīng)歷，而那些白人則往往是受了宗教信仰的感召。在北卡羅來納州長大的貴格會教徒利瓦伊·科芬解釋說：“《圣經(jīng)》上只是要我們給饑者以食物，無衣者以衣衫，但沒提到過膚色的事。”
12 In the 1820s Coffin moved west to Newport (now Fountain City), Indiana, where he opened a store. Word spread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home. At times he sheltered as many as 17 fugitives at once, and he kept a team and wagon ready to convey them on the next leg of their journey. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad.
在19世紀(jì)20年代，科芬向西遷移前往印第安納州的新港（即今天的噴泉市），在那里開了一家小店。人們傳說，逃亡黑奴在科芬家總是能得到庇護(hù)。有時他一次庇護(hù)的逃亡者就多達(dá)17人，他還備有一組人員和車輛把他們送往下一段行程。到后來有三條主要路線在科芬家匯合，科芬家成了地下鐵路的中央車站。
13 For his efforts, Coffin received frequent death threats and warnings that his store and home would be burned. Nearly every conductor faced similar risks -- or worse. In the North, a magistrate might have imposed a fine or a brief jail sentence for aiding those escaping. In the Southern states, whites were sentenced to months or even years in jail. One courageous Methodist minister, Calvin Fairbank, was imprisoned for more than 17 years in Kentucky, where he kept a log of his beatings: 35,105 stripes with the whip.
科芬經(jīng)常由于他做的工作受到被殺的威脅，收到焚毀他店鋪和住宅的警告。幾乎每一個乘務(wù)員都面臨類似的危險――或者更為嚴(yán)重。在北方，治安官會對幫助逃亡的人課以罰金，或判以短期監(jiān)禁。在南方各州，白人則被判處幾個月甚至幾年的監(jiān)禁。一位勇敢的循道宗牧師卡爾文·費爾班克在肯塔基州被關(guān)押了17年多，他記錄了自己遭受毒打的情況：總共被鞭笞了35,105下。
14 As for the slaves, escape meant a journey of hundreds of miles through unknown country, where they were usually easy to recognize. With no road signs and few maps, they had to put their trust in directions passed by word of mouth and in secret signs -- nails driven into trees, for example -- that conductors used to mark the route north.
至于那些黑奴，逃亡意味著數(shù)百英里的長途跋涉，意味著穿越自己極易被人辨認(rèn)的陌生地域。沒有路標(biāo)，也幾乎沒有線路圖，他們趕路全憑著口口相告的路線以及秘密記號――比如樹上釘著的釘子――是乘務(wù)員用來標(biāo)示北上路線的記號。
15 Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder. Quakers often dressed their "passengers," both male and female, in gray dresses, deep bonnets and full veils. On one occasion, Levi Coffin was transporting so many runaway slaves that he disguised them as a funeral procession.
許多黑奴在夜色掩護(hù)下趕路，有時臉上涂著厚厚的白粉。貴格會教徒經(jīng)常讓他們的“乘客”不分男女穿上灰衣服，戴上深沿帽，披著把頭部完全遮蓋住的面紗。有一次，利瓦伊·科芬運送的逃亡黑奴實在太多，他就把他們裝扮成出殯隊伍。
16 Canada was the primary destination for many fugitives. Slavery had been abolished there in 1833, and Canadian authorities encouraged the runaways to settle their vast virgin land. Among them was Josiah Henson.
加拿大是許多逃亡者的首選終點站。那兒1833年就廢除了奴隸制，加拿大當(dāng)局鼓勵逃亡奴隸在其廣闊的未經(jīng)開墾的土地上定居。其中就有喬賽亞·亨森。
17 As a boy in Maryland, Henson watched as his entire family was sold to different buyers, and he saw his mother harshly beaten when she tried to keep him with her. Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owner's regard.
還是孩子的亨森在馬里蘭州目睹著全家人被賣給不同的主人，看到母親為了想把自己留在她身邊而遭受毒打。亨森非常認(rèn)命，干活勤勉，深受主人器重。
18 Money problems eventually compelled his master to send Henson, his wife and children to a brother in Kentucky. After laboring there for several years, Henson heard alarming news: the new master was planning to sell him for plantation work far away in the Deep South. The slave would be separated forever from his family.
經(jīng)濟(jì)困頓最終迫使亨森的主人將他及其妻兒送到主人在肯塔基州的一個兄弟處。在那兒干了幾年苦工之后，亨森聽說了一個可怕的消息：新主人準(zhǔn)備把他賣到遙遠(yuǎn)的南方腹地去農(nóng)莊干活。這名奴隸將與自己的家人永遠(yuǎn)分離。
19 There was only one answer: flight. "I knew the North Star," Henson wrote years later. "Like the star of Bethlehem, it announced where my salvation lay. "
只有一條路可走：逃亡。“我會認(rèn)北斗星，”許多年后亨森寫道。“就像圣地伯利恒的救星一樣，它告訴我在哪里可以獲救。”
20 At huge risk, Henson and his wife set off with their four children. Two weeks later, starving and exhausted, the family reached Cincinnati, where they made contact with members of the Underground Railroad. "Carefully they provided for our welfare, and then they set us thirty miles on our way by wagon."
亨森和妻子冒著極大的風(fēng)險帶著四個孩子上路了。兩個星期之后，饑餓疲憊的一家人來到了辛辛那提州，在那兒，他們與地下鐵路的成員取得了聯(lián)系。“他們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┝耸乘蓿浅ｊP(guān)心，接著又用車送了我們30英里。”
21 The Hensons continued north, arriving at last in Buffalo, N. Y. There a friendly captain pointed across the Niagara River. "'Do you see those trees?' he said. 'They grow on free soil.'" He gave Henson a dollar and arranged for a boat, which carried the slave and his family across the river to Canada.
亨森一家繼續(xù)往北走，最后來到紐約州的布法羅。在那兒，一位友善的船長指著尼亞加拉河對岸。“‘看見那些樹沒有？’他說，‘它們生長在自由的土地上。’”他給了亨森一美元錢，安排了一條小船，小船載著這位黑奴及其家人過河來到加拿大。
22 "I threw myself on the ground, rolled in the sand and danced around, till, in the eyes of several who were present, I passed for a madman. 'He's some crazy fellow,' said a Colonel Warren."
“我撲倒在地，在沙土里打滾，手舞足蹈，最后，在場的那幾個人都認(rèn)定我是瘋子。‘他是個瘋子，’有個沃倫上校說。”
23 "'Oh, no! Don't you know? I'm free!'"
“‘不，不是的！知道嗎？我自由了！’”
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