現在我們聽一遍大衛梅里特的談話：

The central banks usually began their existence as a banker that dealt exclusively with the national government, that really provides credit to the government of the country and in return for so doing, gets particular privileges which quite often is a monopoly on the issue of paper money.

中央銀行在問世之初通常都是只單獨與各自政府打交道的銀行，為政府提供信貸。作為交換，中央銀行獲得某些特權，通常是壟斷貨幣的發行。

From that strength, as these banks become large and important they acquire, almost by natural process, a third and vitally important function and that is what we've called a lender of last resort.

借助這一實力地位，隨著中央銀行越來越龐大和重要，它們幾乎是自然而然地獲得了第三種功能，也就是我們所說的“最后貸款者”。

They cecome the banker for commercial bnaks. They're seen to be safe, other banks will put money on deposit with them. They become a leader of the banking community and in times of crisis it's this central bank that can assist bnaks who get into trouble.

它們成為商業銀行的銀行。它們被認為是安全的。其它銀行會把錢放在中央銀行作為存款。中央銀行成為銀行界的領袖。在遭遇危機的時候，正是中央銀行能夠為陷入困境的銀行提供幫助。

Now, there's a price to pay to be in the club, to have a central banker, and that is usually there is a set of sort of informal rules grow up about the behaviour of the other banks. They will hold a certain amount of capital, they'll hold some of their liquid assets on deposit with the central bank. If you're going to be bailed out you have to abide by convention.

現在，要為參加這個俱樂部和擁有一個中央銀行而出代價了。通常會產生一系列關于其它銀行運作的非正式規則。它們需要保持一定數量的資本，需要在中央銀行里存儲一定的流動資產。若想得到中央銀行的救助，就必需遵守規則。

現在讓我們完整聽一遍澳大利亞墨爾本大學銀行史學家大衛梅里特的這段談話。（略）

接下來我們把這一講中遇到的一些英文詞匯復習一遍：

1 central bank 中央銀行
2 reserve bank 儲備銀行
3 deregulation 解除管制
4 globalisation 全球化
5 regulator 管理者，調整者
6 administrator 管理人
7 exclusive 專門的，專有的，排他的
8 vitally important 極其重要的
9 lender of last resort 最后貸款者，為其它銀行提供貸款的銀行，這是中央銀行的職能之一
10 commercial banks 商業銀行
11 liquid assets 流動資產，指可以迅速變成現金而不會有價值損失或損失較小的資產
12 bail out 幫助擺脫困境

在結束這一講之前，我們再把澳洲廣播電臺金融節目主持人巴里克拉克和澳大利亞墨爾本大學銀行史學家大衛梅里特關于中央銀行功能和作用的兩段談話連起來聽一遍。（略）

這一講金融世界節目到這里就結束了。