inefficient
a. (of a person or an organization) failing to make the best use of the available time and resources 無效率的

upstream
ad. & a. in the direction from which a river, etc. flows; against the current 逆流（的）；往上游（的）

conventional wisdom
the opinion that most people consider to be normal and right 一般人的意見，流行的看法

niche
n. a suitable position, place, job, etc. 合適的位置（或地方、職務等）

simplistic
a. making difficult problems, issues, ideas, etc. seem much simpler than they really are, e.g. in order to conceal sth. （把復雜問題）過分簡單化的；被過分簡單化的

execute
vt. do or perform (what one is asked or told to do) 實行，實施；執行，履行

execution
n. 實行；執行，履行

Phrases and Expressions

come up with
find or produce (an answer, etc.) 提出，想出

single out
choose (sb./sth.) from a group, e.g. for special attention 選出，挑出

at one time or another
在某個時候

go without saying
be very obvious or natural 不用說，不言而喻

put...through
make (sb.) experience (sth. very difficult or unpleasant) 使…經受

pride oneself on
be proud of 以…自豪

in the end
at last；finally 最終；最后

commit to
devote oneself to (a certain cause, position, opinion, or course of action) 獻身于

loosen up
relax （使）放松

think up
produce (an idea or a plan): invent or devise (sth.) 想出；設計出，發明

figure out
come up with; come to understand or discover by thinking （美口）想出；理解，明白

bubble up
move upward in or as if in bubbles; emerge from below 往上冒泡；涌現

stand behind
be responsible for 對…負責

go out of business
become bankrupt 破產；倒閉；歇業

wave down
signal to (a vehicle or its driver) to stop, by waving one's hand 揮手示意（車輛、司機）停下

Proper Names

Sam Walton
薩姆·沃爾頓（1918—1922，美國企業家）

Wal-Mart
沃爾 — 瑪特商場（由薩姆·沃爾頓于1962年開辦）

Wall Street
華爾街（美國紐約市曼哈頓區南部的一條街道，是美國金融機構的集中地，現常作美國金融市場或金融界的代名詞）