被動語態：句子的主語是謂語動作的接受者。
例句：
1. Lei Feng is respected by us all.
2. The glass was broken yesterday.
3. I’ve been given some advice.
4. tom will be sent to college.
5. The work had been finished by then.
6. I was told that he would be given some money.
主動語態：句子的主語是謂語動作的發出者。
例句：
1. He goes to school by bus.
2. Lihong is doing her homework now.
3. She’s giving me some advice.
4. My mother took me to a hospital.
5. they’ll come back soon.
6. By the end of last term we had learned 500 words.
7. He said he would come here the next week.
被動語態常用的時態有：
1． 一般現在時：garage-sale items usually are priced at a very small part of their original cost.
2． 一般將來時：The young driver will be stopped by the policeman if he drives that way.
3． 一般過去時：Not a word was heard from him since he left home.
4． 現在完成時：This dish has been prepared by the chief cook.
5． 將來完成時：The whole book will have been finished by the end of this term.
6． 過去完成時：He told me that the tree in front of our building had been stricken by lightning.
7． 現在進行時：This novel is being retranslated.
8． 過去進行時：A new stadium was being built when we got there last year.
被動語態沒有將來進行時和三種完成進行時，因為be, being, been這三個詞任何兩個都不能同時使用。
特殊的被動語態結構：
情態動詞+do—情態動詞+be done
eg.
1. The work must be finished today.
2. She should be praised for her work.
3. Everything that can be done must be done.
Have to do---have to be done
Eg.
1. Mary’s mother had to be operated on.
2. The meeting has to be put off.
Use to—used to be done
Eg. The plan used to be forgotten.
Be going to= be going to be done
1. The plan is going to be carried out.
2. The project is going to be completed next month.
要求雙賓館的動詞的間接賓館常作被動結構中的主語，而直接賓館作保留賓館；當直接賓館作主語時，原間接賓館作為保留賓館常放在介詞to之后（但make, buy的要使用for）。
Eg.
1. We are offered a good job.
2. A good job is offered to us.
3. Lots of money was given to him.
4. A library with 5000 books is offered to the nation as a gift.
5. A new book was bought for me.
6. A pair of shoes was made for him.
不定式：
動詞不定式在句子中可做主語，表語，賓語，狀語，賓語補足語和主語補足語。
主語：It is good idea for parents to monitor the amount as well as the kind of television that their preschool child watches.
表語：My only wish now is to have a good sleep.
賓語：Most single parents find it hard to take care of a family alone.
定語：You will find something to interest you there.
狀語：In memorizing a number, you might try to associtate it with familiar number or events.
賓語補足語：It makes the digestive juices flow more freely.
主語補足語：The house is known to have been built by a british-man 70 years ago.
形容詞的比較級和最高級的構成法
一般情況：加-er, -est
Eg. Small—smaller—smallest;
Eg. Fat-fatter-fattest
Thin—
幾個形容詞和副詞的特殊比較級和最高級形式：
1. good, well—better—best
2. bad, ill, badly—worse—worst
3. many, much—more—most
4. little—less—least few—fewer—fewest
5. far—father; further—farthest; furthest
6. old—older; elder—oldest
Lawful
break the law
upright
the hospital is being built now.
our library was being built at this time last year.
To finish the task, I paid much efforts.
I came into the classroom only to find nobody there.
We jumped up with joy to hear the good news.
The boss made me work 16 hours a day.
I was made to work 16 hours a day by the boss.
Have make let get
See, listen, loot at, observe, feel, taste, smell, watch….
It is getting longer and longer.
The more, the better.
The more haste, the less speed.
